Computational Models of Compulsivity

External Event - 19th Nov 2021

Time: 3.15pm (GMT)

Online Event

While OCD and gambling are often conceptualized as disorders of compulsivity arising from dysfunctional beliefs, the nature of the beliefs leading to symptom manifestation remains unclear. Computational modelling can help disentangle the complex interplay between beliefs and symptoms, identify core components, and suggest targets for novel treatment approaches. This talk covers three lines of work that centre around a computational informed understanding of the origins of compulsive behaviour: The first part relates individual structure learning differences to obsessive-compulsive traits and SSRIs – the first-line pharmacological treatment of OCD. The second part delves deeper into the origin of compulsive behaviour. While there are a number of theoretical explanatory frameworks mostly cantered around belief alterations, there is no clear consensus on what beliefs are necessary or sufficient to cause compulsive behaviour.
We used a minimal model approach (based on a POMDP) to address this question and pinpoint to the belief about the success of preventive actions as being centrally important for eliciting and maintaining compulsive behaviour. Finally, the third part of the talk highlights that similar beliefs about the efficacy of one’s actions may not only be associated with compulsive behaviour in OCD but may also play an essential role in the compulsive aspect of pathological gambling.